PD-Trak System

NPD Body of Knowledge

NPD Body of Knowledge Categories:

Strategy Organization Process Tools & Design Optimization Technology

STRATEGY & PLANNING
Business & product strategy	Porter's Competitive Strategies New Lanchester Strategy Lanchester Press Strategy Papers Strategic Planning Eight Maxims of Strategy Competitive Strategy Porter - Competitive Forces and Generic Strategies Developing Your Strategic Plan Basic Overview of Various Strategic Planning Models Corporate Strategy Analysis of Business Strategy Diversification and Synergy What is Strategy
Product development strategy	Clockspeed-Based Strategies for Supply Chain Design Innovation Strategies
Competitive analysis	Five Forces Affecting Competitive Strategy Competitive Intelligence Competitive Intelligence Programs Competitor Analysis - a Brief Guide Competitor Analysis Competitive Analysis
Product planning & management	The Product Planning Process Discovering Opportunities and Threats in a Market
Innovation management	Cultivating Innovation Articles Recipe for Growth Technology Achieving Innovation, the Core Competence Setting Goals to Get Innovation Managing for Innovation The Power of Systems Thinking to Innovation Innovation Articles (Brill) Developing an Innovation Strategy Market-Driven Innovation
R&D management	Metrics to Measure R,D & E Top-Down or Bottom-Up Research Management Predicting Product Development
Technology forecasting & roadmaps	Future Mapping: Linking New Technologies to Market Windows Forecasting the Rates of Technological Change Assessing Technological Capability
Technology planning	Filling Technology Gaps
Product platform	What is a Product Platform Leveraging and Managing Platforms Platform Driven Development of Product Families Product Platform Strategy The Elements of Platform Leadership
Technology transfer / deployment	Speeding the "R" of R&D Through a Deliverables-Orientation
Intellectual property management	A Model for Intellectual Assets Management How to Develop, Protect, and Market New Product Ideas
Fuzzy front end / ideation	The 5 Minute Guide To Successful New Products New Product Russian Roulette New Ideas About New Idea Killers Improving New Product Development Via Innovation A Survival Guide for the Fuzzy Front End Taking the Fuzziness Out of the Fuzzy Front End
Feasibility & project/product screening	New Product Concept Screening Apply Management Tools to Development Activities
Project/product business case	Principles of Forecasting New Product Forecasting-1 New Product Forecasting-2 Demand-Driven Flow S-Curve Forecasting Linear Profit & Loss Analysis Example of Building a Business Case Project Brief
Portfolio management	Three Goals in Portfolio Management Portfolio Management Processes: Architect Then Implement Portfolio Management for New Product Development - Picking the Winners Portfolio Management for New Product Development Portfolio Management Approach and Software Tools Master Project Schedule
Process strategy
Managing knowledge	Knowledge Management and Processes Principles of Knowledge Management Knowledge Acquisition In New Product Development

ORGANIZATION & TEAMS
Management leadership	Authentic Leadership Shirking Responsibility Effective Leadership: A Very Old Formula 101 Secrets Of Leadership The Modern Leader’s Role Leadership Engineering Management
Product development teams Integrated product teams	How to Grow Dream Teams The Software Development Team Working Groups or Teams Charge Up Your New Product Development Teams (Nov 2003)
Program management team / System integration team / Core team	Core Team
Team structure / program structure	Organization Structure The Organisation Organization Structure
Staffing and assignment	Multitasking Makes You Stupid
Teamwork	Teamwork Strategies for Managers Core Values for Functional Teams Team Roles
Team launch and team building	Getting Teams to Really Work 7 Ingredients to Create a Super Team Team Kickoffs: A Practical Approach to Help Achieve High Performance Process Mapping & Alignment Teambuilding
Team closure / disbanding	Team Closure
Change management	Force Field Analysis Coping with Change: Different Personality Styles Resistance to Change
Empowerment & self-direction	How to Manage Like a Coach, Not a Cop Empowerment
Collaboration	Leadership and Constructive Collaboration Communication Aids Design
Collocation	Collocation and Effective Teamwork Co-locating Team Members
Virtual collocation & virtual teams	Virtual Teams Trust in Virtual Teams
Communication	The Lost Art of Listening Ten Tips to Cultivate Communication Communicating by "Type" Developing a Common Language Critical Listening Critical Speaking Critical Writing
Effective team meetings	Creative and Productive Meetings So You’re Leading a Meeting?
Team groundrules
Conflict resolution / Consensus decision-making	System Approach to Win-Win Resolution of Conflicts The Culture of Decision-Making The Power of Agreement Mistakes to Avoid in Decision Making Making Engineering Design Decisions
Defined roles & responsibilities	Roles & Responsibilities Who - When Maps
Team charter	Team charter example
Team leader	Undercurrents in Leading Project Teams Becoming a Facilitative Leader Team Leadership: Emerging Challenges
Flat organization structure	Oticon's Organization Structure for Product Development
Early supplier involvement / supplier integration	It's in the Design Sun Microsystem's Early Supplier Involvement Program Beyond Early Supplier Involvement Suppliers: The Competitive Edge in Design Integrating NPD and the Supply Chain Supply Chain Strategies
Resource management
Team-oriented performance measures	Improving Performance Management
Recognition & reward system	How to Keep Incentives from Becoming Entitlements Having Fun with Reward and Recognition Pay Innovators Right Abolishing Performance Appraisals

PROCESS
Capability maturity model	People Capability Maturity Model
Product development process	Improving Process Maturity to Compete in the Desktop Printer Market A Business Case for Improved Project Practices Conceptual Design Product Realization Process Product Development Tools and Deliverables Defining the Product Development Process An Overview of the Design Process
Reengineering product development	Redesigning the Product Development Process Business Process Reengineering papers & articles Business Process Reengineering Software Process Improvement Strategic Business Process Analysis and Reengineering
Lessons learned	Lessons Learned Checklist
Best practices	20 Key Elements (BPs) of Product Realization Process Practices to Achieve Hyper-Compression in Product Development Integrated Product Development Lessons Learned Basics of New Product Development (APQC White Paper) Lockheed Martin IPD Best Practices Applying Lean Principles to Product Development The Invisible Success Factors in Product Innovation-Cooper
Benchmarking	Seven Steps to Effective Competitor Benchmarking Benchmarking
Metrics & performance measures	Measuring NPD for Results Product Metrics Target Setting: Key to Successful NPD Outcomes Calculating the Value of Time for New Products Measures of Goodness NPD Performance Measurement
Phase-gate process / gate reviews	Optimizing Cost, Risk & Time-to-Market with a Gate Review Process Gate Review Definition Gate Review Timing Gate Meetings Business Tools for Technology Transfer-Stage Gate Rockwell's Re-Engineering - Gates
Design structure matrix	Design Structure Matrix Web Site
Pipeline management	Product Planning New Directions in Pipeline Management
Design reviews	Design Review Definition Design Reviews Design Reviews Guidelines for Six Sigma Design Reviews--Part One Guidelines for Six Sigma Design Reviews--Part Two
Requirements definition & management	Characteristics of Good Requirements Using Requirements Management to Speed Delivery of Higher Quality Applications Requirements Management Links Applying Requirements Management with Use Cases Functional Requirements and Use Cases Evolving Beyond Requirements Creep: A Risk-Based Evolutionary Prototyping Model Applying Requirements Management To Medical Devices Utilizing Software
Product specifications	Product Design Specification The Product Design Specification References for Product Design Specification
Systems engineering process	What is Systems Engineering Pragmatic Principles Systems Engineering (Dean) Twelve System Engineering Roles A Systems Engineering Environment for Integrated Automotive Deevelopment Systems Thinking and Systems Engineering
Configuration management / Engineering change control	Configuration Management Papers Software Configuration and Change Management CM Infrastructure and Terminologies Engineering Change Management in Three Swedish Engineering Companies Engineering Documentation Control Handbook Configuration Management Paradigms and CMII Principles
Risk management	Risk Management Risk Management articles Risk Take Calculated Risks Software Risk Management Risk Assessment Balancing Fast Time-to-Market with Project Risk (May 2004)
Software development	Applying Systems Thinking to the Issues of Software Product Development Software Classic Mistakes What Have We Learned 16 Critical Software Practices for Performance-Based Management Managing Major Distributed Software Development
Testing, qualification and certification	Types of Testing Software Quality Management Software Testing and Software Development Lifecycles Software Unit Testing What Happens When You Don't Have a Test Plan?
Product launch	Integrated Product Launch The Five Secrets Of A Successful Launch
Project planning and management	Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMI) Project Management Critical Path Analysis (Mind Tools) Use Project Management Tools to Build a Project Team Evolution of the Project Office Network Analysis/Critical Path and Strategic Scheduling Planning as a Vaccination Against Failure Software Project Management Project Management Project Management Tools Elements of a Program / Project Plan Budget and Schedule Worksheet Project Management Using Microsoft Project® A Primer on Phased Project Management Techniques (Jan 2003) Enterprise Project Management
Resource planning and management	Project Resource Management: Roles and Responsibilities, Systems, Cost, Culture Why Fire Fighting is Never Enough Rockwell's Re-Engineering - Resource Allocation Resource Management
Critical chain project management	Introducton to Critical Chain Project Management Critical Chain Scheduling A Critical Look at Critical Chain Project Management Critical Chain Project Management Characteristics Critical Chain Project Management Robust Project Design Critical Chain and Risk Management Roles and Responsibilities Of Stakeholders In A Multi-Project TOC Organization Lean Project Planning Schedule and Cost Buffer Sizing Real Cost Control

TOOLS AND METHODS FOR DESIGN OPTIMIZATION
Quality function deployment (QFD)	Step-by-Step Guide to QFD Quality Function Deployment Case Study QFD for Technology Development Planning Quality Function Deployment Example (Refrigerator) Quality Function Deployment Example (APU) Quality Function Deployment Software Quality Function Deployment: What, Why and How Quality Function Deployment Papers 9 House of Quality Checks After QFD: Now What? Quality Function Deployment Example Introduction to QFD QFD - House of Quality The History of QFD QFD Software and Matrix Examples QFD for Software Requirements Engineering
Customer needs / Voice of the customer	Customer Surveys and Interviews Discovering Customer Needs—Four Key Questions Basic Methods to Get Feedback from Customers Customer-Focused Creativity The "One Right Way" to Gather the Voice of the Customer The Customer as Creator: A Step Beyond the Voice of the Customer Fear of the Customer Voice of the Customer Analysis Discovering Opportunities and Threats in a Market
Virtual customers	The Virtual Customer Virtual Customer Site The Virtual Customer Better Products Through Virtual Customers
Lead users	Lead Users - Creating Breakthrough Innovations at 3M Lead Users Lead Users: An Important Source of Novel Product Concepts Lead User Analysis for the Development of New Industrial Products Developing New Product Concepts Via the Lead User Method
Focus groups	Basics of Conducting Focus Groups How To Get More Out Of Your Focus Groups Online vs. face to face vs. telephone groups Concept Testing in Focus Groups Focus Group Articles Focus Groups
Customer interviews	General Guidelines for Conducting Interviews User / Customer Interviews Contextual Inquiry
Market research	Introduction to Market Research Qualitative and Quantitative Techniques Secondary vs. Primary Market Research Market Research Articles Some Major Sources of Market Research Information Market Research Topics Market Structure Analysis (segmentation) Qualitative Research Quantitative Research Perceptual Mapping Market Segmentation
Ethnography /ethnographic studies	Designing Products Based on Real Life The Human Touch How "Applied Ethnography" Can Improve Your NPD Research Process User Profiles (Personas) Direct Observation How to Turn End User Understanding into Innovation
Contextual analysis / empathic design	Contextual Analysis Empathic Design Spark Innovation Through Empathic Design How to Turn End User Understanding into Innovation
Participatory / cooperative design	Cooperative Design
Affinity Diagram
Conjoint analysis	Conjoint Analysis Tutorial Conjoint Analysis Designing Your Conjoint Analysis Study Conjoint Analysis Technical Papers
Prototypes	Using Conceptual Modelers for Business Advantage (April 2001) Imagining Faster The Role of Appearance Models and Mockups Visual Models Sketch Models Let Prototyping Drive Your Product Development Process
Theory of inventive problem solving (TIPS/TRIZ)	What is TRIZ Introduction to TRIZ TRIZ Journal Archive of Articles TRIZ Mind Map
Axiomatic design	General Axiomatic Design Concepts Building Better Vehicles via Axiomatic Design Critical Thinking Axiomatic Design - Suh's Methodology Axiomatic Design of Software A Comparison of TRIZ and Axiomatic Design Axiomatic Design and TRIZ: Compatibilities and Contradictions
Creativity, brainstorming and problem solving	Brainstorming (Mind Tools) Steps in the Brainstorming Process Overview of Creative Methods Cultivating Innovation Articles Brainstorming Using MindMaps^TM with TRIZ Creativity and Innovation in R&D Harvesting Profits in the Idea Garden Assumptions Can Be Major Barriers Ten Tips for Beefing Up Your Problem Solving Toolbox Creativity Articles (Brill) Making the Innovation Magic Happen Creativity Generating New Ideas Engineering Problem Solving Creativity, Innovation and Problem Solving Concept Development
Concept evaluation and selection	Concept Screening Some Rules Of Engineering Design Concept Development: The Front End Process Morphological charts
Analytical hierarchy process (AHP)	Analytical Hierarchy Process The Analytical Hierarchy Process: A Step by Step Approach
Design for manufacturability/assembly (DFM/A)	Design for Assembly Guidelines Detailed DFM Guidelines DFA Software Survey of DFM Methods DFM Tools for Improving Product Designs Implementing DFM in Nordic Industry Design for Assembly Evaluation of Instrument Panel Design Design for Simplicity Design for Assembly Evaluation Methods Design for Assembly DFA: The Lucas Method DFM/A Evaluation Tool Need to Cut Costs? Check Your Design First
DFMA guidelines and rules	Detailed DFM Guidelines - Injection Molding, Sheetmetal, Machining, Hot Forming, PCB's, etc. Example of Sheetmetal Guidelines The Dangers of Part Consolidation DFM/A Guidelines
Manufacturing processes / process selection	Basics of Manufacturing Technology Manufacturing Processes Manufacturing Processes Product Design and Process Selection WiseProM - WIzard for SElecting PROcess and Material
Standardization, modularity & design re-use	Product Programs, Variants and Modularization Modularity Enhanced Product Realisation through Modular Design Modularity as a Means to Product and Process Integration Modularity: A Key Concept in Product Lifecycle Engineering Overview of Modular Product Development Modularity Proceedings from the 2nd Seminar on Development of Modular Products
Mass customization	Mass Customization, the Proactive Management of Variety Achieving Success with Mass Customization Product Line Rationalization: A Prerequisite to Mass Customization Mass customisation Flexibility
Mistake-proofing/poka-yoke	Poka Yoke Poka Yoke Example Using Poka-Yoke Techniques for Early Defect Detection Poka-Yoke: A Misunderstood Concept Attributes of Good Mistake-Proofing
Design to cost (DTC)	Designing for Cost Design for Cost Designing for Low Overhead Costs Implementation of a Design to Profit System Costing Designs
Target costing	Target Costing Tools and Examples Target Costing Software Supplier Target Costing Cheapness: the Mother of Invention Target Costing: A Strategic Business Methodology Target Costing
Product/life cycle cost models	Hardware Cost Modeling DFM Software Reduces Time to Calculate Costs Life Cycle Cost Analysis
Cost tables	Cost Tables
Parametric cost estimating / Cost estimating relationships	Parametric Cost Analysis Parametric Costing Case Study Definition of Parametric Cost Estimating Parametric Analysis
Cost reduction	Cost Saving Ideas Using Purchasing Information
Value analysis/function analysis (VA/FA)	Value Analysis Function Analysis Value Engineering Function Cost Analysis Increasing Product Innovation Effectiveness Through QFD And Value Engineering
Function analysis system technique (FAST)	Function Analysis and Decomposistion using Function Analysis Systems Technique
Activity-based costing/activity-based management (ABC/ABM)	Introduction to Activity-Based Costing Activity-Based Costing
Design for six sigma (DFSS)	Design For Six Sigma Roadmap Building Quality into Design Engineering Six Sigma and the Evolution of Quality in Product Development Designing for Six Sigma Capability Six Sigma Helps Create GE’s Latest Dishwasher Design for Six Sigma Tools Quality Management
Advanced product quality planning (APQP)	Advance Quality Planning APQP Tools Quality Management
Robust design	Introduction to Robust Design Robust Design Comparing Three Approaches to Robust Design Robust Design: An Experiment-based Approach to Design for Reliability
Design of experiments (DOE)	Design of Experiments Links (ASQ) Design of Experiments/Taguchi Approach DOE Case Study-Bearing Design Design of experiments (DOE) Response Surface Methods for Process Optimization
Taguchi methods (TM)	Quantifying Variability Using Contributions from Taguchi Taguchi Methods: Robust Design, Design of Experiments Taguchi Loss Function
Variability reduction (VR)	Reducing Variation During Design Variation
Process capability	Process Validation Guidance Methods and Tools for Process Validation Process Capability Process Capability Optimize Existing Processes to Achieve Six Sigma Capability Statistical Process Control - Control Charts
Tolerance design / Tolerance analysis	Worst-Case Versus Statistical Tolerancing A Comprehensive System for Computer-Aided Tolerance Analysis Computer-Aided Tolerancing Systems Site Papers Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing 3D Tolerance Management Dimensional Management Tolerance Analysis
Control Plans	Control Plan Software Control Plan Example & Software
Design for reliability	Defining & Achieving the Reliability Culture Designing for the Life Cycle Reliability and Maintainability Engineering Program Reliability Assurance Design for Reliability Reliability Technical Library Blueprint for Implementing A Comprehensive Reliability Engineering Program Reliability Growth Reference Book System Analysis Reference Book - Reliability, Availability and Optimization
Failure Analysis / Root Cause Analysis	The Process of Failure Analysis Failure Analysis (FA), Root Cause Analysis (RCA) and Root Cause Failure Analysis (RCFA) The Value of Failure Analysis Cost Payback for Failure Analysis Understanding the When, Where & Why of Failures Failure Analysis 101: Finding the root cause in electronics manufacturing
Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA)	FMEA Software Failure Modes and Effects Analysis Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis FMEA Information Center Severity, Occurrence, and Detection Criteria for Design FMEA History of FMEA FMEA Definitions Successful Product Launch - Failure Modes and Effects Analysis FMEA Software FMEA and FMECA
Anticipatory failure determination (AFD)	The Experience of Anticipatory Failure Determination (AFD) Method Applied to an Engine Concern
Failure reporting & corrective action system (FRACAS)	Failure Reporting, Analysis & Corrective Action System Failure Reporting & Corrective Action System It's Broke, Now What? The Failure Reporting Process
Fault tree analysis	What is Fault Tree Analysis Fault Tree Diagrams Fault Trees And Reliability Block Diagrams
Reliability prediction	What is Reliability Prediction? Reliability Prediction Models Reliability Predictions Reliability Modeling Reliability Predictions: Parts Count, Part Stress, Pseudo Stress and Dormant Better Reliability Predictions Using Experience Data Assessing Product Reliability
Highly accelerated life testing/stress screening (ALT, HALT, HASS)	Accelerated Life Testing Reference Quantitative Accelerated Life Testing Data Analysis Accelerated Life Testing...Why? Accelerated Testing Tutorial Reliability Testing
Human factors and ergonomics	Usernomics Introduction to Usability Usability Methods Human Factors Awareness Course (FAA) Introduction to Human Factors in Medical Devices Anthropometric Data
Design for maintainability/serviceability	Maintainability Engineering Reliability and Maintainability Engineering Program Maintainability Assessment Maintainability Modeling Design for Supportability
Design for safety / Hazard analysis	Hazard Analysis in Engineering Design Approaches to Safety Engineering Safety Engineering
Design for the environment (DFE)	Design for the Environment - Life Cycle Analysis Life Cycle Analysis and Design Introduction to Green Design Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment Life Cycle Assessment Case Study of a Business Telephone Environmental Activities in Product Development at Samsung Samsung Green Management System Design For Environment (DFE) DFE - Product Design and Optimisation DFE - Materials and Recycling
Design for testability (DFT)	Design for Testability Decreasing the Cost of Test with Automatic Test Pattern Generation Design-for-Testability for Object-Oriented Software

TECHNOLOGY
Data interchange	When Data Transfer Goes Awry Combating CAD File Translation (June 2001) Solids Data Exchange: Anything But (June 2001) Product Data Interoperability (March 2001) Perfecting the Science of Interoperability Feature-Based Interoperability Goes Global Real MCAD Data Exchange: Part 1 Real MCAD Data Exchange: Part 2 CAD Data Exchange
Product models / Standard for the exchange of product model data (STEP)	STEP Parts and Documents STEP on a Page STEP Parts and Explanations What is STEP Product Data Representation and Exchange Standards Dimensions, tolerances, and more right on the model
Product data management (PDM) / Product information management (PIM) / Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)	PDM Information Center Articles Product Data Management Guide Data Management for the Masses (Oct 2000) Product Lifecycle Management Capabilities of the Product Data Management System
Product structure / bills of material	Engineering Bill of Materials
NPD Document Management	NPD Document Management
Collaborative product commerce/collaborative product computing/collaborative product development	Software Survey: Collaborative Product Commerce Leveraging "Collaborative Product Commerce" What Makes CPD Collaborative?
Groupware & workflow	Groupware: Introduction Groupware: Applications Introduction to Workflow Capabilities of the Workflow Management System
Collaborative computing	Collaborative Software How Web-Enabled Tools Can Help Optimize New Product Initiatives Online Design Collaborative Software Tools: the Design Fast Track? Customer Collaboration Counts Be More Productive through Project Collaboration (Jan 2005)
System engineering tools	System Engineering Tools Requirements Management Technology Overview Requirements Management Tools Specialty Engineering Tools
Computer-aided industrial design (CAID), modeling & rendering	Computer-Aided Industrial Design as a Catalyst for Collaboration Industrial Design And The Shape Of Things To Come
Mechanical computer-aided design (CAD) and solids modeling	Computer-Aided Design Solids Modeling Map the Technology to the Need: Drafting vs. Wireframe vs. Surfacing vs. Solids Migrating from 2D to 3D To be or not to be Parametric? That is the question Solid Modeling Tips Understanding Variable-Driven Modeling Why moving to solids makes sense Hybrid Modeling—Where Solids Meet Surfaces Add Value with Methodology Accelerating Design for Complex Products (May 2005)
Assembly modeling / electronic mock-up / digital pre-assembly	The Potential for Assembly Modeling in Product Development Assembly Modeling for Product Design and Analysis 3D Collaboration
Visualization	Visualization Technologies Overview Visualization and Viewing Technology Interactive 3D Visualization Heats Up: Part 1 The Virtual Workspace
Geometric dimensioning & tolerancing	Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing: Why? Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing
Electronic CAD (ECAD)	CAD Group Publications In Search of the Best Tools for DSP Design Bridging the Gap Between ECAD and MCAD (May 2005)
Top-down design / Hardware-software co-design	Software/Hardware Codesign Bibliography of Hardware/Software Codesign
Computer-aided engineering (CAE)	Pushing the Design Envelope with CAE CAE Data Management Takes Shape
Simulation and analysis / Virtual Prototyping	Analysis Overview Virtual Prototyping Vs. Physical Prototyping (June 2001) Digital Engineering: Functional Virtual Prototyping (Aug 2000 & Sept 2000) Virtual Products - Interactive Product Simulation Software Validating Design Digitally
Finite element analysis (FEA)	Finite Element Analysis Overview New Ideas in Fatigue Analysis Elements of Finite Element Analysis Complex Analyses Need High-End FEA
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)	Computational Fluid Dynamics Overview Upfront CFD: How to Grow Its Adoption CFD Shrinks the Thermal Design Process
Kinematic and dynamic analysis	Kinematic and Dynamic Analysis Overview Visualizing Systems in Motion
Design optimization	A Discussion on Modern Design Optimization Tools Optimal Options
Multi-physics analysis	Multiphysics - More than One Force of Nature Solving for heat, stress, flow, and more Multiphysics for Exhaust System Analysis Moving Up to Multiphysics Analysis
Knowledge-based engineering (KBE)	Knowledge-Based Software What is Knowledge-Based Engineering (Jan 2003)
Computer-aided software engineering (CASE)	Computer Aided Software Engineering
Rapid prototyping (RP)	Rapid prototyping Rapid prototyping (SLA) Growth Trends and Advances in Rapid Prototyping Good, Better and Best: Selecting the Right Rapid Prototyping Technology (Sep